瑞典学者眼中的特钢发展趋势
RUIDIANGANGTIEXINGYEZHENGCHENGXIANYIGEYOUQUDEXIANXIANG———75%DEYONGGANGXUQIUXUYAOJINKOU,ERZISHENGANGCHANLIANGDE85%QUEYONGLAICHUKOU。
“QIZHONGHENZHONGYAODEYIDIANJIUSHI,RUIDIANCHUKOUDEGANGCAIZHONG,TESHUGANGHETIANJIALEHEJINYUANSUDEGAOFUJIAZHIGANGCAIZHANJULEHENDADEBIZHONG。LINGWAI,CONGQUANQIULAIKAN,JINHOUQUANQIUTEGANGDEZENGZHANGSUDUYAOKUAIYUPUGANG,QIBILIYEJIANGBUDUANSHANGSHENG。”LAIZIRUIDIANSwereaABGONGSI(RUIDIANGUOJIAYEJINYANJIUYUAN)DEXUEZHEGranCarlssonZHEIYANGSHUODAO。
MUQIAN,RUIDIANZAITIEFEN、GAOSUGANG、BUXIUGANGBAN、HANGUAN、ZHOUCHENGGANG、GONGJUGANG、NAIREHEJIN、ZHIJIEJIAOZHUXIANCAIDENGLINGYUDEYANJIUHEKAIFACHUYUSHIJIELINGXIANDIWEI。RUIDIANDETESHUGANGQIYEFEICHANGZHONGSHICHANPINZHILIANGHEGAOFUJIAZHICHANPINDEYANJIUYUKAIFA,QIDABUFENTOUZIDOUYONGYUTIGAOCHANPINZHILIANGHESHENGCHANGAOFUJIAZHICHANPINSHANG。
JINRI,ZAIZHONGGUOJINSHUXUEHUIJUBANDEDILIUJIEGUOJILIANGANGKEJIDAHUI(ICS2015)SHANG,GranCarlssonXIANGXIJIESHAOLERUIDIANTESHUGANGXINGYEDEFAZHANXIANZHUANG,YIJIDUIJINHOUGUOJITESHUGANGXINGYEFAZHANDESIKAO。
KEJICHUANGXINRENGSHITEGANGSHENGCHANDEZHONGYAOTUIDONGLI
CONG2013NIANQUANQIUGANGCAIDETONGJISHUJULAIKAN,BUXIUGANG、HEJINGONGJUGANGSHICHANLIANGZUIDADETESHUGANG。1950NIAN~2010NIAN,QUANQIUCUGANGCHANLIANGZENGJIALE96%,ERCONG2000NIANDAOXIANZAI,QUANQIUBUXIUGANGCHANLIANGZENGJIALE120%,TESHUGANGDEZENGSUMINGXIANKUAIYUCUGANGZHENGTIZENGSU。
“NEIME,TEGANGSHENGCHANDETUIDONGLISHISHENME?CONGJINGJIFAZHANJIAODULAIJIANG,HUODELIRUNSHITEGANGSHENGCHANFAZHANDEZUIDAQUDONGLI。CONGSHENGCHANJISHUFANGMIANJIANG,JIUSHIKEXUEJISHUDECHUANGXINHEJINBU。”GranCarlssonSHUO。
JINZHONGXINGLIANZHUDAKAITEGANGSHENGCHANXINCHUANGKOU。JINJINIAN,JINZHONGXINGLIANZHUCHENGWEIDAJIAREYIDELIANGANGJISHUHUATI。ZAIBEIMEI,MEIGUONIUKEGONGSIKAIFADESHUANGLUNBODAILIANZHUSHENGCHANXIANSHIHESHENGCHAN2HAOMIHOUDUDEBANCAI。LINGWAI,YOURUIDIAN、FENLANHEDEGUODEGONGSIJIYANJIUJIGOUZUCHENGDEKEYANTUANDUIKAIFALESHUIPINGDANDAILIANZHUJISHU,GAIJISHUSHIHEYUJIAOZHUGAOMENGGANG,ERYICHUANTONGDELIANZHUFANGSHIJIAOZHUGAOMENGGANGHUICHUXIANBUTONGCHENGDUDEWENTI。“ZHEILIANGGEBODAILIANZHUCHUANGXINJISHU,DUIYUJIAOZHUTESHUGANGDOUJUYOUJIDADESHIYONGXINGHECHUANGXINXING。”GranCarlssonQIANGDIAO。
GUOCHENGKONGZHIHESHUJUFENXITIGONGXINGNENGZHICHENG。GUOCHENGKONGZHICHENGXIANLIANGGEZHONGYAODEFAZHANQUSHI,YISHICELIANGJISHU,ERSHIJISUANJIMONI。
ZAIXIANCELIANGSHIFEICHANGGUANJIANDECELIANGJISHU,ZAIGANGTIESHENGCHANGUOCHENGZHONG,DUIYUCHENGFENBIANHUA,YOUQISHIHEJINYUANSUBIANHUADELIANXUCELIANGSHIFENZHONGYAO。TONGGUODUIYUANCAILIAOCHENGFEN、LUZHACHENGFENDENGZAIXIANCELIANGSHUJUDEFENXI,QIYEJIUKEYIZHIDAONENGFOUSHENGCHANGAODENGJIDETEGANG;JIEJINGQIYEMIANDEBODONGDUIGAOZHILIANGGANGDENEIBUZUZHIYINGXIANGHENDA,SUOYI,DUIJIEJINGQIYEMIANDELIANXUCELIANGYEFEICHANGZHIDEYANJIU。CIWAI,NAIHUOCAILIAOHOUDUDECELIANGDUIYULIANGANGSHENGCHANDEGUOCHENGKONGZHIYESHISHIFENBIYAODE。
“YINCI,CELIANGJISHUDEGAIJINDUIGANGTIESHENGCHANGONGYIHECHANPINZHILIANGYOUZHEZHIGUANZHONGYAODEYINGXIANG。”
GranCarlssonJULISHUO,RENLEIZAI2003NIANYIQIANDEMANZHANGSUIYUEZHONGJILEILEDAYUE5×1018BITEDESHUJU。ERSUIZHEKEXUEJISHUDEFAZHAN,5NIANYIHOU,WOMENHENKENENGMEI10FENZHONGJIUNENGGOUJILEI5×1018BITEDESHUJU,SHUJUDELEIJISHIBAOZHAXINGDE。
“YINCI,WOMENXIANZAIYIJINGYOUTIAOJIANTONGGUOCELIANGSHUJUDEJILEIHEFENXI,SHENGCHANCHUGENGGAOZHILIANGDEGANGCAI,YISHITONGGUOJISUANJIDEMOXINGHEMONIKAIFAXINJISHU,ERSHISHIYANKAIFAXINJISHU。”
YOUYUGANGTIESHENGCHANGUOCHENGZHONGWUZHILIUDUOZHONGDUOYANG,ERQIEZAIGAOWENXIAZUOYE,SHENGCHANGUOCHENGZHONGDEWULIHUAXUEBIANHUANANYIZHIGUANTIXIANHEFENXI,TONGGUOJISUANJIDEKEXUEMOXINGHEMONIJIEGUO,KEYISHENGSHI、SHENGLI、GAOXIAODIZHIDAOSHIJISHENGCHAN。TONGSHI,SHIYANSHIGUIMOHUOBANGONGYEGUIMODESHIYANJIUSHIBAGAINIANXINGDEDONGXIBIANCHENGXINJISHUDEGUOCHENG。
“TONGGUOJISUANJIMONISHOUDUANHESHIYANSHOUDUANNENGGOURANGSHENGCHANLIUCHENGHECHANPINBIANDEGENGXIANJIN。”
GUOJITESHUGANGXINGYEMIANLINWUDATIAOZHAN
GranCarlssonTICHULEJINHOUTEGANGSHENGCHANJIANGMIANLINDEWUDATIAOZHAN:
YISHITEGANGRUHEYINGDUISHIJIERENKOUZENGZHANGHECHENGZHENHUADEXUQIU。DUIYUQUANQIUJISHIYIDERENKOU,TEGANGXINGYEZENYANGYINGDUIRENKOUZENGJIAHECHENGZHENHUAJINCHENGDAILAIDEXUQIU?MUQIAN,XIANDAIHUAGANGTIECHANGDESHENGCHANGUIMOYUELAIYUEDA,DADOUZAINIANCHAN1000WANDUNYISHANG。DANSHIDUITEGANGLAIJIANG,ZHEIMEDADEGUIMOSHIBUSHIYIGEZUIJIAGUIMO?ZHEIDOUSHIZHIDESIKAODEWENTI。
ERSHIDUOPINZHONG、XIAOPILIANGDETEGANGGONGYINGRUHEMANZUQUANQIUSHENGCHAN、YUNSHU、PEISONGHEJISHIJIAOHUODEYAOQIU。ZHONGSUOZHOUZHI,MUQIANLIANGANGYOULIANGDATUJING———GAOLUZHUANLULIUCHENGHEDIANLULIUCHENG。GAOLUZHUANLULIUCHENGDELIANGANGLIANGHENDA,ERDIANLULIUCHENGDELIANGANGLIANGZAI100DUNZUOYOU。XIANGBIZHIXIA,DIANLULIUCHENGKENENGDUIYUXIAOPILIANG、DUOPINZHONGDETEGANGSHENGCHANGENGJIAHESHI。TONGSHI,TEGANGXIAOPILIANG、DUOPINZHONGDETEDIANYEDAILAIRUHEYUNSHU、PEISONGHEJISHIJIAOHUODEWENTI。
SANSHIKAOLVHUANJINGYINSUHEKECHIXUFAZHANWENTI。TEGANGQIYECHULEKAOLVSHENGCHANGUIMODAXIAOHECHENGBENWENTI,YEYAOKAOLVHUANJINGYINSUHEKECHIXUFAZHANDEWENTI。GranCarlssonRENWEI:“KECHIXUFAZHANYUHUANJINGWURAN、NENGLIANGXIAOHAO、NENGYUANCHENGBEN、QIHOUBIANHUADENGWENTI,SHIGANGTIESHENGCHANZHEBIXUMIANDUIDE。”
SISHIGANGTIEGONGYEDEJIANBINGZHONGZUZHIGUANZHONGYAO。CONGGANGTIEXINGYEDESHANGXIAYOUCHANYELAIKAN,QICHANYEJIZHONGDUDOUHENGAO,RU4GETIEKUANGSHISHENGCHANSHANGKONGZHIZHEJIHUQUANQIUTIEKUANGSHIDEHAIYUN,QUANQIUQICHEXINGYESHIDAQICHEZHIZAOSHANGZHANJULE70%DESHICHANGFENE。ERQUANQIUSHIDAGANGTIESHENGCHANSHANGZHISHENGCHANCHUQUANQIU30%DEGANGTIE。“YINCI,GANGTIEGONGYEDEJIANBINGZHONGZUSHIZHIGUANZHONGYAODE。”
WUSHIRENCAIJINGZHENGDETIAOZHAN。RENCAIYOUSHISHIYIGEQIYEJINGZHENGDEGUANJIANYINSU,MEIGEXINGYE、MEIGEQIYEDOUZAIXIYINRENCAI,DOUXUYAOZHUANYERENCAI。“TEGANGXINGYERUGUOXIANGYAOYOUDAFUDUDEJINBU,ZUIZHONGYAODEYIDIANJIUSHIXIYINRENCAI,RUIDIANDETEGANGXINGYEJIUSHIXIANGFANGSHEFAXIYINZHUANYERENCAI。”
“TEGANGSHENGCHANDEZENGZHANGSUDUKUAIYUQUANQIUCUGANGDEZENGZHANGSUDU,YIWEIZHEJINHOUTEGANGZAIQUANQIUGANGTIESHENGCHANDEBIZHONGJIANGYUELAIYUEDA。TONGSHI,YONGGANGSHICHANGDUITEGANGDEXINGNENGYEJIANGCHIXUBUDUANDITICHUXINYAOQIU。”GranCarlssonZONGJIEDAO。